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珊瑚岛礁环境噪声成像 Article

夏少红, 张昌榕, 曹敬贺

《工程（英文）》 2023年第25卷第6期页码 182-193 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.022

摘要：

As valuable land in the ocean, coral islands are not only important bases for making use of marine resources and protecting marine rights and interests, but also important for breakthrough research in many fields of earth science. Hence, the economical and efficient determination of the underground structure of coral islands has become significant in coral island engineering geology, but remains challenging for traditional marine geophysical prospecting and drilling methods. While ambient noise tomography with dense arrays has been widely used in continental regions, its applicability to coral islands remains undetermined. In this study, based on the data recorded by a dense array on an isolated coral island in the South China Sea, we analyzed the ambient noise characteristics and obtained a 3D subsurface structure of the coral island using ambient noise tomography. We made the following findings: ① The ambient noise frequencies can be roughly categorized into three levels: < 1, 1–5, and > 5 Hz. The spectral characteristics of the noise below 5 Hz were consistent at different stations, but there were significant differences in the characteristics of the noise above 5 Hz. ② For ambient noise frequencies below 5 Hz, cross-correlation functions with high quality could be obtained with only 24 h of waveform data. However, it was difficult to extract meaningful cross-correlation functions for ambient noise frequencies above 5 Hz. ③ The S-wave velocity in the coral island was higher toward the sea and lower toward the lagoon, which was consistent with the high degree of cementation of the outer reef flat stratum on the seaward side. ④ There were two low-velocity horizons at 25–75 and 200–300 m, which were in good agreement with the high-porosity horizons that were revealed by drilling core samples, reflecting the weathering history of the reef. Our research demonstrates that ambient noise tomography is a potentially economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly method for the geological prospecting of coral reefs.

关键词： Coral island Ambient noise tomography Engineering geology South China Sea

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Influence of steel corrosion on axial and eccentric compression behavior of coral aggregate concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1415-1425 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0786-9

摘要： To study the behavior of coral aggregate concrete (CAC) column under axial and eccentric compression, the compression behavior of CAC column with different types of steel and initial eccentricity (e_i) were tested, and the deformation behavior and ultimate bearing capacity (N_u) were studied. The results showed that as the e_i increases, the N_u of CAC column decreases nonlinearly. Besides, the steel corrosion in CAC column is severe, which reduces the steel section and steel strength, and decreases the N_u of CAC column. The durability of CAC structures can be improved by using new organic coated steel. Considering the influence of steel corrosion and interfacial bond deterioration, the calculation models of N_u under axial and eccentric compression were presented.

关键词： coral aggregate concrete column axial compression eccentric compression steel corrosion calculation model

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Damage-constitutive model for seawater coral concrete using different stirrup confinements subjected

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 429-447 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0913-2

摘要： Recently, the application of detrital coral as an alternative to natural aggregates in marine structures has attracted increased attention. In this study, research on the compressive performance of coral aggregate concrete (CAC) confined using steel stirrups with anti-rust treatment was experimentally conducted. A total of 45 specimens were cast, including 9 specimens without stirrups and under different strength grades (C20, C30, and C40) and 36 specimens under different strength grades (C20, C30, and C40). Moreover, three stirrup levels (rectangular, diamond-shaped compound, and spiral stirrups) and different stirrup spacings (40, 50, 60, and 70 mm) were used. Subsequently, the stress−strain curves of specimens subjected to axial loading were measured. The effects of the stirrup spacing and stirrup configurations on the stress and strain were investigated, respectively, and the lateral effective stress of the different stirrups was calculated based on the cohesive-elastic ring model and modified elastic beam theory. Moreover, a damage-constitutive model of CAC considering the lateral stress was set up based on damage mechanics theory. The results indicated an increase in the stress and strain with a decrease in the stirrup spacing, and the adopted stirrup ratio had a better strengthening effect than the different concrete grades, and the variation in the deformation was restricted by the performance of coral coarse aggregate (CA). However, an increment in the lateral strain was observed with an increase in the axial strain. The lateral stress model showed a good agreement with the experimental data, and the proposed damage-constitutive model had a good correlation with the measured stress−strain curves.

关键词： coral aggregate concrete stress−strain curves lateral effective stress peak stress axial−lateral curves damage-constitutive model.

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Avoiding the innovation island in infrastructure mega-project

Hongquan CHEN, Quanke SU, Saixing ZENG, Daxin SUN, Jonathan Jingsheng SHI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 109-124 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018073

摘要： Infrastructure mega-project (IMP) innovation is a complex process characterized by highly diverse innovators, a dynamic life-cycle, and stickiness of innovation knowledge. The IMP’s innovation network can be easily broken due to the fact that the network involves many different innovators across different industries and different projects. Further reasons for the fragility of the IMP’s innovation network are the dynamics of the IMP life-cycle, the diversity of the IMP’s innovative entities, the uniqueness of each IMP, and the temporary nature of each IMP’s organizations. The formed by the breaking of an IMP’s innovation network can stifle and harm innovation performance. Drawing from the knowledge-based view as well as innovation network theory, our research identifies the heterogeneous characte- ristics of IMP innovation. We propose a framework to analyze the formation mechanism of the IMP innovation island from three dimensions—the , the , and the . We look at the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project to elaborate the innovation island concept that negatively impacts IMP innovation. We also offer theoretical implications regarding the broader question of how IMPs can manage their innovation in practice.

关键词： innovation in mega-infrastructure projects the diversity of innovation bodies life-cycle dynamics the unique and temporary nature of IMPs innovation island

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微生物组工程——极具前景的珊瑚健康改善途径 Review

李洁, 杨清松, 董俊德, Michael Sweet, 张颖, 刘聪, 张燕英, 唐小玉, 张文谦, 张偲

《工程（英文）》 2023年第28卷第9期页码 105-116 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.010

摘要：

受全球气侯变化和区域环境压力的双重影响，全球珊瑚正面临生存危机。珊瑚微生物学旨在阐释珊瑚及其共生微生物的互作关系，并运用相关知识提升珊瑚健康，相关的研究近年来备受关注。本文综述了珊瑚微生物组参与维持共生体健康的作用原理，如提供营养物质、促进生长发育、抵御病原微生物、缓解环境压力等。探讨了珊瑚微生物组工程通过精准、可控的微生物组操纵以提升珊瑚在动态环境条件下的耐受力和恢复力的可行性。尽管珊瑚微生物组工程仍处于发展初期，近期的突破性进展已表明它是保护和修复珊瑚礁生态系统的有效手段。为明确未来的研究目标，本文综述了微生物组工程的基本原理，并援引其在提升人类健康和促进农业增产方面的应用，提出了珊瑚微生物组工程的发展方向。最后，我们讨论了珊瑚微生物组工程应用于珊瑚礁保护与修复所面临的挑战，并提出了相应的建议。

关键词：珊瑚礁修复珊瑚共生体珊瑚益生菌白化微生物组工程

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Molecular dynamics simulations of initial Pd and PdO nanocluster growth in a magnetron gas aggregation source

Pascal Brault, William Chamorro-Coral, Sotheara Chuon, Amaël Caillard, Jean-Marc Bauchire, Stève Baranton

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期页码 324-329 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1792-5

摘要： Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out for describing growth of Pd and PdO nanoclusters using the ReaxFF force field. The resulting nanocluster structures are successfully compared to those of nanoclusters experimentally grown in a gas aggregation source. The PdO structure is quasi-crystalline as revealed by high resolution transmission microscope analysis for experimental PdO nanoclusters. The role of the nanocluster temperature in the molecular dynamics simulated growth is highlighted.

关键词： molecular dynamics cluster growth plasma sputtering nanocatalyst

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Piezoresistive pressure sensor with high sensitivity for medical application using peninsula-island structure

Tingzhong XU, Hongyan WANG, Yong XIA, Zhiming ZHAO, Mimi HUANG, Jiuhong WANG, Libo ZHAO, Yulong ZHAO, Zhuangde JIANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第12卷第4期页码 546-553 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0447-9

摘要：

A novel micro-electromechanical systems piezoresistive pressure sensor with a diagonally positioned peninsula-island structure has high sensitivity for ultra-low-pressure measurement. The pressure sensor was designed with a working range of 0–500 Pa and had a high sensitivity of 0.06 mV·V⁻¹·Pa⁻¹. The trade-off between high sensitivity and linearity was alleviated. Moreover, the influence of the installation angle on the sensing chip output was analyzed, and an application experiment of the sensor was conducted using the built pipettor test platform. Findings indicated that the proposed pressure sensor had sufficient resolution ability and accuracy to detect the pressure variation in the pipettor chamber. Therefore, the proposed pressure sensor has strong potential for medical equipment application.

关键词： MEMS low pressure sensor peninsula-island ultra-high sensitivity medical application

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港珠澳大桥岛隧工程

林鸣, 林巍

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第6期页码 783-784 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.11.003

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一种去除地表水中的磷的浮岛处理系统 Article

Mark T. Brown, Treavor Boyer, R.J. Sindelar, Sam Arden, Amar Persaud, Sherry Brandt-Williams

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第5期页码 597-609 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.08.002

摘要：

本研究旨在设计、建造和测试一个中试规模的浮动模块化处理系统，并用以对美国佛罗里达州中部富营养化湖泊中的总磷（TP）进行去除。该处理系统由生物和物理-化学处理模块组成。用多种底物和水生大型植物组合构建了13种不同的中宇宙实验（mesocosm），分别测试了总磷（TP）和正磷（PO₄
³⁻）的去除率及潜在的区域去除率。此外本研究对7 种吸附介质进行了小型杯罐实验和柱实验，并对3种商业树脂进行了吸附能力的测试。完成这些独立的测试过程后，在佛罗里达中部的一个湖泊中，设计了一个浮岛处理系统（FITS）并运行了8个月。中宇宙实验对磷的平均去除率为40%~50%，平均去除量为5.0 g·m^–2·a^–1。其中沉水植物（SAV）系统和藻类洗涤器（AGS）效果最好，分别去除了20 mg·m^–2·d^–1和50 mg·m^–2·d^–1的磷，它们对磷的平均去除量分别为5.5 g·m^–2·a^–1和12.0 g·m^–2·a^–1。在吸附介质中，明矾渣（AR）的性能最佳，接触5 min 后，PO₄³⁻浓度降低了75% 左右。在所测试的商品树脂中，PhosX 树脂的去除效果最好，在30 min后去除了约40%的磷，60 min后去除了约60%的磷。在基线运行条件下展开实验，FITS 对PO₄³⁻的平均去除率为53%；使用PO₄³⁻去除率的第50百分位和第90百分位以及FITS的环境足迹进行评价，结果表明系统的去除率分别为56%和86%；区域磷去除率在8.9~16.5 g·m–2·a–1之间。

关键词：除磷湖泊生态系统浮岛处理

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考虑垫片形状和尺寸效应的珊瑚混凝土劈裂抗拉性能的三维细观研究 Article

吴彰钰, 张锦华, 余红发, 方秦, 麻海燕, 陈力

《工程（英文）》 2022年第17卷第10期页码 110-122 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.024

摘要：

珊瑚混凝土（CAC）作为一种新型建筑材料，已经在岛礁工程结构建设领域引起了极大的关注。为了研究CAC的静态劈裂抗拉性能，本文提出了一种考虑骨料形状和空间分布随机性的三维（3D）随机混凝土细观模型，影响因素包括试件形状和支承垫片尺寸。我们建立了12 个不同的混凝土细观模型，按照试件形状可分为两种，即边长为150 mm的立方体和尺寸为ϕ150 mm×300 mm的圆柱体。其中，支承垫片宽度为6 mm、9 mm、12 mm、15 mm、18 mm和20 mm。本文系统分析和讨论了试件几何形状和垫片宽度对CAC劈裂抗拉性能的影响规律，研究内容包括混凝土开裂过程、最终破坏模式和劈裂抗拉强度（f_st）。结果表明：本文所开发的细观模型具有很高的可靠性，并确定了适用于CAC劈裂抗拉性能模拟和预测的最优计算参数。CAC的f_st值与试件形状和垫片宽度直接相关。其中，在垫片尺寸相同的情况下，立方体CAC试件的f_st值要略高于圆柱体模型，表明可以采用断裂面积的差异来解释试件形状效应对CAC f_st值的影响规律。此外，当垫片的相对宽度由0.04 增加到0.13 时，CAC的f_st值会呈现逐渐增大的趋势。基于弹性力学理论，本文初步确定了不同垫片宽度条件下CAC f_st的取值范围，这对于研究CAC的抗拉性能具有重要意义。

关键词：珊瑚混凝土三维细观模拟劈拉试验抗拉强度试件形状支承垫片

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核电不稳定导致美国政府关闭三哩岛核电站

Mitch Leslie

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第1期页码 4-5 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.11.004

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浦东国际机场东移与九段沙生态工程

陈吉余,李道季,金文华

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第4期页码 1-8

摘要：

浦东国际机场东移建在潮滩之上，少占用了土地，却也影响了长江河口的湿地生态环境。上海市非常重视市政工程建设与湿地环境保护的问题，通过在长江河口的九段沙岛实施种青引鸟的生态工程，补偿湿地被占用而失去的生态功能；在九段沙中沙和下沙共引种芦苇（Phragmite communis）和互花米草（Spartina alterniflora）90 hm²。经过3年连续监测，植物种群生长和扩散良好，鸟类数量有所增长，生态工程取得初步成功。

关键词：生态工程浦东国际机场九段沙长江河口

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Smart construction site in mega construction projects: A case study on island tunneling project of Hong

Hongtao ZHOU, Hongwei WANG, Wei ZENG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 78-87 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018075

摘要： The construction sites of mega construction projects (MCP) often have numerous participants with interfacing work within a highly complex system. It is critical how to realize collaborative work and information sharing among such participants. The information and communication technologies (ICTs) provides a technical guarantee for solving this problem. Existing research has been achieved the partial processes digitization of construction site, but certain problems still exist: 1)information perception of the construction site is passive. 2) common collaboration and coordination problems in the construction industry have not been addressed. The emerging trends of ICTs have resulted in the integration of various computer technologies such as CPS, BIM, big data, and cloud computing into construction process, which would changes behavioral and management mode of construction sites. These new ICTs have been applied successfully in MCP, in particular, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project. A new management mode of construction sites is inspired by these case. In this paper, a new management mode of construction site for MCP has been proposed, namely, smart construction site. The ultimate goal of smart construction site is to accomplish safe, efficient and high-quality construction. This study put forward the conceptual framework for smart construction site, and have identified three key elements of smart construction site, including information support platform, collaboration work, and intelligent construction management. A case study on Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project work as an evidence to support the practicability of the proposed mode. Significant contributions of this study is to propose a new management mode for MCP in construction industry, which would enrich the body of knowledge or the construction management community. Future research should be dedicated to further explore the potential of smart construction site in MCP management.

关键词： mega construction projects smart construction site information perception collaborative work intelligent construction management information and communication technologies

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上海海洋新城建设构想

宗源远,王志群,阮伟,楼飞

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第6期页码 25-29

摘要：

上海肩负着建设“四个中心”的重任，同时又面临着众多的发展瓶颈，其中土地资源的短缺是制约上海发展的重要因素。横沙岛是一个集“区位、土地、岸线、航道”等众多优势资源于一身的区域，其可成陆的土地面积约为480 km2，可形成的岸线近100 km，同时利用其东侧直接面向大海的优势，有建设深水大港的条件。横沙新城的建设即可突破城市瓶颈，再造第二个“浦东”，为未来上海的发展提供广阔空间。

关键词：上海横沙岛造陆海洋新城构想